What causes bruxism?

Bruxism, or teeth grinding, can result from several different factors, both physical and psychological. Stress and anxiety are common triggers, causing many people to clench or grind their teeth unconsciously during the day or while sleeping. Sleep-related disorders, such as sleep apnea, are also associated with nighttime bruxism. In some cases, an abnormal bite or missing teeth can lead to grinding as the jaw tries to compensate. Certain lifestyle habits—like smoking, consuming caffeine or alcohol, or taking specific medications—may increase the risk as well. Even children can experience bruxism, often outgrowing it as they develop. Identifying the underlying cause is essential for proper management, and your dentist can recommend the best treatment to protect your teeth and jaw.